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# Properties of expanding universes
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## Properties of expanding universes
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##### View / Open Files
[__ Thesis - Colour High Resolution (2017) (PDF, 32Mb)][21]
[__ Thesis - Original Grayscale (2013, reduced size) (PDF, 12Mb)][22]
[__ Thesis - Original Grayscale (2013) (PDF, 72Mb)][23]
##### Authors
![][24] [Hawking, Stephen][25]
##### Advisors
Sciama, Dennis
##### Date
1966-03-15
##### Awarding Institution
University of Cambridge
##### Author Affiliation
Faculty of Mathematics. Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
##### Qualification
PhD
##### Type
Thesis
##### Metadata
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##### Citation
Hawking, S. (1966). Properties of expanding universes (doctoral thesis). https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283
##### Description
This thesis has been made openly available with the kind permission of Professor Stephen Hawking.
##### Abstract
Some implications and consequences of the expansion of the universe are examined. In Chapter 1 it is shown that this expansion creates grave difficulties for the Hoyle-Narlikar theory of gravitation. Chapter 2 deals with perturbations of an expanding homogeneous and isotropic universe. The conclusion is reached that galaxies cannot be formed as a result of the growth of perturbations that were initially small. The propagation and absorption of gravitational radiation is also investigated in this approximation. In Chapter 3 gravitational radiation in an expanding universe is examined by a method of asymptotic expansions. The 'peeling off' behaviour and the asymptotic group are derived. Chapter 4 deals with the occurrence of singularities in cosmological models. It is shown that a singularity is inevitable provided that certain very general conditions are satisfied.
##### Relationships
Alternative form(s): <https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-PHD-05437>
##### Identifiers
PhD.5437
This record's DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.11283>
